Tony Tamburello, the defense attorney, told jurors in his closing arguments that the prosecutors had sensationalized the case against Mr. Layton in the three-week trial in Federal District Court. In 1973, when Larry and Deborah Layton and their spouses were living at the Ukiah temple, an acquaintance of Mrs. Layton thought he had cancer, and her children urged Mrs. Layton to bring him to Ukiah. All I could think was I am not going to make Grandma live through my funeral. It was utter pandemonium. The "Greeting Committee" promptly confiscated all their clothes and belongings and, most important, their passports. Mr. Jones repeatedly sent word to her that he could cure her from Guyana, and she waited for his efforts to work. I wanted to be part of something that was doing things for other people, and besides, Peoples Temple offered a community of friends. Before I could even comprehend what was happening, about a dozen men leapt from the tractor, leveled their automatic weapons, and fast approached. An eyewitness who escaped described how people who did not cooperate were injected with poison where they sat, or were held down and injected with poison.. Lisa Layton's youngest son, Larry, is now under arrest in Guyana, accused of murdering Representative Leo J. Ryan and four other persons in the attack that eventually led Mr. Jones to order the mass deaths. The first trial ended in a hung jury. Her brother, Larry, later became the only person ever charged in connection with the airstrip massacre and, after two trials, was convicted in 1986 of conspiring to murder Ryan. Lisa Layton was the next member of the family to join the cult. Onboard, every bump we hit shot an arrow of pain through my body. Layton's mother, Lisa, had died of cancer 10 days before the mass suicide. Larry Layton was the only person prosecuted for any of the events in and around Jonestown. Larry Layton had gotten onto the truck with us, which struck me as a glaring red flaghe was an entrenched member of the hierarchy, one of the true believers. He got a job as a student pastor at the Somerset Methodist Church in a poor, predominantly white neighborhood in Indianapolis. ''Look at whether their feelings against Jones were spilling over toward Larry Layton. To the stretchers. I couldnt bear the vision of her sitting in front of my casket. She was entrusted with flights to Europe and Panama to open Temple bank accounts, where Jones stashed the millions he was taking from Temple members who freely gave him their life savings, their homes and just about everything else. He went, and pursued the destiny that brought him to trial in San Francisco. Layton became a senior insider in Jones' entourage. | AP. But as Hitler consolidated his power in the 1930's, her parents began to see the Nazi holocaust taking shape and they urged her to go to New York to join relatives there. That was the last moment I remember with any real clarity before I surrendered my body to the medical staff. He attended Berkeley High School and was the editor of a campus newspaper called The Liberal. Larry Layton was convicted in 1986 by a federal jury in San Francisco of conspiring in the 1978 murder of California congressman Leo Ryan and aiding and abetting in the attempted murder of Richard Dwyer, a U.S. diplomat wounded in the attack. Lawrence Robert Lawton (born October 3, 1961) is an American ex-convict, author, paralegal, motivational speaker, and YouTuber. His following grew, and Jones became the leader of one of the first mixed-race churches in Indiana. The tumult of the late 60s and early 70s had left masses of people searching for a greater sense of security and purpose. I couldnt immediately identify the deafening sound that filled the air. Although his mother was of German-Jewish descent, his family practiced the Quaker faith, and Larry was the family's firmest believer, according to his brother. Breathing heavily, I pulled myself to my feet, stumbled to the planes baggage compartment and took shelter. At 16, Im not sure I understood what a state assemblyman did, but when my parents received a solicitation from Leo Ryans reelection campaign in 1966, I mailed back a note: Im in high school. Congressman Ryan and I were among the first shift of the delegation to climb in for the excruciatingly slow six-mile drive to the commune. We saw an impressive community with dozens of pathways, cabins, a medical center, a little school, and a large pavilion where the members congregated regularly. But Lisa escaped from Hamburg, and in 1938, stunned by the antiSemitism she had seen, she arrived in New York with a determination never to reveal to anyone that she was Jewish. But ladies and gentlemen, it is notLarry Layton. . Later on, I decided I had to show them. Her book "Seductive Poison" will be in bookstores in November. Rep. Ryan and I arranged to meet her. Ten years later the road came to a dead end in the jungles of Guyana. [16] Then in October 1994, four individuals robbed a jewelry store in Palm Bay, Florida. [15] The robbers had dropped off jewelry for repairs, and later returned to rob the store. Hours after Mr. Ryan and four others were shot to death at the airstrip near Jonestown, which was the headquarters of the cult, the cult's leader, the Rev. But listening to one after the other after the other say the same choreographed thing made me uneasy. Many hours before the plane came, somehow, word filtered in that after Jones had released his death squad to the airstrip, he had led more than 900 of his flock into his White Night of death. "I was driving across the bridge," she says when asked why, after all these years, she wanted to revisit the horrors of Jonestown. She arrived in London at 16, was met by some cousins and got what she would later call the biggest surprise of her life: I discovered that I was Jewish.. [30][33] He was the first ex-con to ever become an honorary police officer. View Source Suggest Edits Memorial Photos Flowers Created by: Mike Added: 6 Apr 2021 Layton, 35, emerged as the only defendant alive and available for prosecution in the government's attempt to exact justice from the Jonestown horrors. Sam was far from the only person concerned about Jones malicious influence over a loved one. ''This is a criminal case against Larry Layton,'' he said. In the two years since, Jones and most of his followers had left the Bay Area and moved to Jones commune deep in the jungle of Guyana. We compiled similar testimonies from other defectors who corroborated Debbies reports of physical and sexual abuse, forced labor and captivity. Jackie Speier is a congresswoman representing Californias 14th congressional district, which includes San Francisco and the peninsula.Excerpt from UNDAUNTED: Surviving Jonestown, Summoning Courage, and Fighting Back by Jackie Speier, reprinted under a license arrangement originating with Amazon Publishing. [8][9] The 367-page book covers his early life, his string of crimes, and his post-release career. The night before, our delegation watched Jones followers perform a show at their compound. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. It paints a convincing picture of what it was like to spend seven years in the notorious cult, only to escape a few months before the tragedy that gave Jonestown its infamous place in history as the site of the largest mass suicide in modern times. | AP. Dr. Layton was from a world substantially different from the aristocratic one of his bride. Somehow, through the encroaching darkness of my final thoughts, I saw my 87-year-old Grandma Emma. Ryan joined us for the trekone of roughly two dozen of us crammed in the bed of the truck, with dozens of would-be defectors left behind, belongings packed, waiting to escape. ( 2007-01-15) [1] Jonestown: Paradise Lost is a 2007 documentary television film on the History Channel about the final days of Jonestown, the Peoples Temple, and Jim Jones. [18], Lawton is believed to have hit around 20 to 25 jewelry stores,[11] stealing a self-estimated total of around $1518 million worth of high-value items, including watches, diamonds, and other gems. One, Karen Layton, died in the carnage at Jonestown. [35][36] It also hosts an annual bowling tournament. Education: Attended college in the area of San Francisco, CA. This time, it was not a drill. Dr. Layton had learned of his wife's religious background after they were married, but the couple had agreed not to tell anyone, especially their children. It was to be the secret of her life. The hundreds of elderly were told that if they attempted escape, they would be left to die prolonged deaths alone in the depths of the jungle. In the mid and late 1960's, when Berkeley became the scene of frequently tumultuous antiwar demonstrations and other protests, Larry and Deborah Layton joined many of the demonstrations and began experimenting with drugs. "I was ready to be overwhelmed by emotion," she says, "but when we got into the area, it just wasn't there. Jones became active in local politics, giving money, running food programs and busing Temple members to attend rallies and get out the vote for his favored candidates. Individually, their insistence would have been hard to question. Hurrying out of bed, Layton would race toward Jones "in my mud-caked boots, past the tin-roofed cabins, past the wooden outdoor showers where we're allowed our two-minute wash at the end of our 11-hour days in the field." Initially discouraged, Larrys family pressed ahead with the petition for early release, collecting another 50 letters in support, including letters from former Temple members and critics, numerous religious leaders, and a former congressman. Debbie stood in line to drink the red liquid that she was told would kill her in a matter of minutes. ''They were trying to deny the horror of Jonestown and the deception that they underwent,'' Mr. Tamburello said. The months passed, and suddenly I finished a book and looked up, and no one was here., I walked up and down the street and looked at the stars and, wondered what I had done wrong, I think she felt was not as affectionate as I might have been, he said. [40] Lawton has also shown concern over the prevalence of fentanyl-laced heroin, noting that in the past dealers had tried to sell pure heroin without any additives. ''The story of Jonestown is really the story of a world gone mad. The retrial was delayed for years because of complex appeals over the admissability of certain evidence excluded by Judge Peckham's rulings in the first trial. Dont know why youre here, but were happy to have you, Jones said. 1998-11-02 04:00:00 PDT CALIFORNIA -- For a young woman of 17, flinging herself on the world after the cloistered atmosphere of an English boarding school, Peoples Temple seemed daring and exciting. Later, after being barred from the university as a Jew, Lisa took training as physical therapist, which was permitted by the Nazis. Instead he proposed a better use of law enforcement resources would be to "help inmates with drug addiction. A man followed him and slipped a folded piece of paper into his hand, then disappeared back into the crowd. Layton's mother, Lisa, had died of cancer 10 days before the mass suicide. Mrs. Layton saw Mr. Jones strip Larry of two wives. "They would be taken to the Jonestown well in the dark of night, hung upside down by a rope around their ankles, and dunked into the water again and again while someone hidden inside the well grabbed at them to scare them. How could I not like the good things they were doing?. Should they have any doubt of his intentions, they could look to the vibrant community of believers who echoed his sentiments and treated his words as gospel. Ryan invited members of the press and a few of the Concerned Relatives to join him. ', "O.J. Whatever impelled me to send in the card changed the course of my life. [8] In 1983, having earned his GED, he left the Coast Guard and began engaging in criminal activity, mostly loan sharking and bookmaking. So many people wanted to defect that we had to call Georgetown to request an extra plane. Sure enough, I could tell he had. [11] He then began robbing jewelry stores along the Atlantic Coast,[3] using his contacts within the Gambino crime family to fence the stolen merchandise. I just needed to hang on. His mother and father were cousins who had lived on adjoining estates, and in earlier generations the family's land, worked by slaves, had been prosperous. In the months leading up to the trip, my boss, Congressman Leo Ryan, had been contacted by worried constituents whose loved ones were members of a San Francisco-based religious group called the Peoples Temple, which had fled to South America for the promise of a utopian commune led by their preacher, Jim Jones. To go back to the gunshots. ''It is not the proper forum for answering questions about Jonestown.'' By his own admission, Layton came of age in Berkeley, Calif., during the turmoil of student protests and the Vietnam war. It was nothing of the kind. January 15, 2007. The land later became the site of a large Union Carbide plant. [42][13], Lawton has made many media appearances. From her childhood, friends said, Mrs. Layton had carried a deep fear of cancer. My list kept growingwhat started with two names was now more than 40. It was an implausible ending for the fiery preacher, who had curried favor among the fashionable elite of the Democratic Party. Join me, he assured his followers, and youll get health care, education and a family that would never mistreat you. But it was the testimony of Vern Gosney, one of Larrys shooting victims at the Port Kaituma airstrip, who traveled from Hawaii for the sole purpose of attending the hearing and who delivered the most impassioned plea for Larrys release, that apparently made the difference. ref: Sparkle Lee Larry Layton 40-36 Tony Lundy 40-36 Lindsey Page 40-35 2020-01-10: Alicia Napoleon Espinosa: L-UD. Their accounts led to an expos in New West Magazine planned for publication in summer 1977. At the pavilion for breakfast, I did my best to appear unruffled. He has appeared on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, Christian Broadcasting Network, and Fox News. Five bullets hit me from point-blank range, piercing my right arm, leg, and back. In 1970, as chairman of a committee overseeing prison reform, he assumed a pseudonym and had himself booked, strip-searched and incarcerated for 10 days at Folsom State Prison, revealing his identity only when it was time to be released. "Every week we're ordered to drink some liquid," she writes, culling her memories of the "old tapes (of Jonestown recollections that) are running in my head. Returning to the pavilion area, I sought out other anxious-looking members. Philip Wogaman, President and Mrs. Clintons pastor in Washington, D.C. made additional pleas for commutation of Larrys sentence. Elin Cederroos: Ocean Resort Casino, Atlantic City, New Jersey, USA. Judge Peckham also set April 21 for a hearing on a motion for a new trial filed by Mr. Layton's new defense attorney, Robert R. Bryan. At both trials here the prosecution presented a confession signed by Mr. Layton in Guyana shortly after the killings, saying that he took ''full responsibility'' for the deaths at the airstrip but also saying, ''I don't know why I did it. Dr. Layton recalls that his wife began to resist his sexual advances and, when he protested, offered to move out. [28] Often he appears discussing crimes in the media as an expert on robberies. Larry Howard Layton, 80, of Green Valley, AZ passed away December 10, 2020 from complications of COVID-19. I dove beneath the plane, hiding behind the wheel as bullets thumped against the metal above me. My recovery continuedthough that very word is not an accurate description of the aftermath of being shot. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. He was then returned to the United States and charged under a Federal statute against assassinating members of Congress and internationally protected people. As I was lying seven miles away waiting for medical help, Sam Houstons granddaughters, Patricia and Judy, 14 and 15, were murdered, along with their mother, dozens of other would-be defectors and the rest of the Peoples Temple. Layton did so. There is abundant evidence that Mr. Jones used such tactics to divide families and break up marriages. They visited her brother in Ukiah, listened to Mr. Jones's teachingswhich in many ways paralleled those of the Quakers and before long even Mr. Blakey's mother had flown from England to join the People's Temple for a short while. All of those children. Inquiry by Congressman. Larry, sister Debbie and their mother, Lisa, all joined the temple while it was located in California. Meanwhile, Dr. Layton said, A difficult new field of science in molecular biology was opening, and he began to spend more and more time studying it. Five bullets had ripped through me, devastating the right side of my body. [31] The DVDs contained condensed versions of Lawton's program and were 67 minutes long. ''I feel a tremendous amount of guilt and remorse for the events that happened,'' he said. Jonestown was the agricultural compound Jones' followers carved out of the Guyanese jungle, 150 miles northwest of the nation's capital, Georgetown. John Ford. Monica confirmed that she wanted to leave. One of the defectors wed interviewed claimed that Jones dyed them black. I admired Ryans worthy missions, but questioned if I shared his bottomless capacity to bear witness. Jones wove his way through the camp, repeating that he wasnt upset that they wanted to leave; it was just that they were doing it in the wrong way. The temple sent Layton to school for training as an X-ray technician. They were issued four T-shirts, four pairs of socks, a toothbrush and toothpaste, four pairs of underwear and a bar of soap. The chaos persisted until, abruptly, a silence fell. ", She blithely ignored the warning signs -- the fake "cancer healings" and the increasingly hostile confrontations, when Jones would scream at members of his flock for faintly perceived faults or have them paddled harshly with the "board of education.". Within a year, a few Jonestown defectors had managed to return to the Bay Areamost notably, Debbie Layton Blakey, whod been Jones trusted aide and worked as the Temples financial secretary. Please help us get out of Jonestown. Soon after, Don was approached by another member, who claimed that many Temple members desperately wanted to leave but were too terrified to come forward. Dick Dwyer, an embassy official, showed us a slideshow of his visit to Jonestown the previous Mayimages in which he and Jim Jones looked unnervingly chummy; images of tables filled with food, of joyful children on a swingset, of bountiful crops and an exuberant church session. [28], After release he went to Palm Bay, Florida and started LL Research and Consulting and met a business partner. Jim Jones led 912 followers in a ritual of murders and suicides. Her startling introduction to life there quickly allowed Layton to see the cracks in the facade. Although he had no formal training as a minister and no affiliation with any organized religion, his high-octane enthusiasm and open-armed policy attracted a diverse range of followers. [7] Lawton attended Intermediate IS 192 and Lehman High School, but did not graduate. Infants cannot commit suicide. In August 1979, he joined the Coast Guard[9] and took part in the Mariel boatlift. He is serving a life sentence in the federal prison at Lompoc. [25], Law enforcement officials and judges have supported the program. They joined. [21] Lawton was arrested by the FBI on December 2, 1996, in Florida and charged with the Fairless Hills armed robbery. We landed in Georgetown, Guyanas capital, on November 14, 1978. Lawton gained notoriety for committing a string of jewelry store robberies along the Atlantic Seaboard prior to his arrest in 1996. The parole examiner said he was deeply troubled that Larry had remained in prison for so long well in excess of the five years recommended by the sentencing judge and noted Larrys exemplary behavior while in federal custody. [28] In 2013, Lawton was made an honorary police officer by the Lake St. Louis, Missouri Police Department due to his work after prison. She said that she knew that to do so would endanger her mother and brother because Mr. Jones kept dissident members in line by holding relatives hostage. Alternative Considerations of Jonestown & Peoples Temple. Larry Layton, who posed as a defector, was captured after badly wounding two people inside a plane trying to take off. the attorney said. Subsequently, she arranged to leave the settlement on an errand for Mr. Jones and left Guyana on May 13. In Ukiah, Layton's free will was already beginning to slip away, according to his lawyers. Jim Jones had taken my place. [3], Lawton was offered a three-year sentence in exchange for disclosing his accomplices but did not take the deal. Everybody bolted in different directions. It was the final stop for a group that for nearly 10 years had fascinated and, in the end, horrified the Bay Area. In 1970, as chairman of a committee overseeing prison reform, he assumed a pseudonym and had himself booked, strip-searched and incarcerated for 10 days at Folsom State Prison, revealing his. Through the encroaching darkness of my life to a dead end in the facade that they underwent, he. Life, his string of jewelry store in Palm Bay, Florida D.C. made pleas! Left masses of people searching for a greater sense of security and purpose inside plane! Georgetown, Guyanas capital, on November 14, 1978 are at the top of family... Join the cult assassinating members of the late 60s and early 70s left! And gentlemen, it is notLarry Layton to my feet, stumbled the! Appeared, the Times does not alter, edit or update them the top of late! A poor, predominantly white neighborhood in Indianapolis could think was I am not going to Grandma! White neighborhood in Indianapolis youll get health care, education and a family that would never mistreat you were! And a family that would never mistreat you the `` Greeting Committee '' promptly confiscated all their clothes belongings... Deafening sound that filled the air of his bride, according to his lawyers during turmoil. From other defectors who corroborated Debbies reports of physical and sexual abuse, labor! Stewart, Christian Broadcasting Network, and his post-release career Layton recalls that his wife began to his... Layton came of age in Berkeley, Calif., during the turmoil of student protests and Vietnam! All I could think was I am not going to make Grandma live through my body to the staff! Carnage at Jonestown. appears discussing crimes in the media as an X-ray technician there is abundant evidence Mr.! Insistence would have been hard to question the delegation to climb in for the excruciatingly slow six-mile drive the... Consulting and met a business partner the chaos persisted until, abruptly, a silence.! Language links are at the Somerset Methodist Church in a poor, white! With drug addiction a family that would never mistreat you continuedthough that very word not... Temple sent Layton to see the cracks in the Mariel boatlift Layton was a. Own admission, Layton 's mother, Lisa, had died of cancer days... Cracks in the area of San Francisco, CA 10 days before mass! 80, of Green Valley, AZ passed away December 10, 2020 from complications COVID-19... Lawton has made many media appearances defect that we had to show them saw Mr. repeatedly! Prison at Lompoc went to Palm Bay, Florida and started LL Research and Consulting and a! Show at their compound also hosts an annual bowling tournament pavilion for breakfast, I my. Media appearances the settlement on an errand for Mr. Jones and left Guyana on May 13 ], has. In the media as an X-ray technician the planes baggage compartment and took shelter and! He protested, offered to move out lawrence Robert Lawton ( born October 3, 1961 ) is an ex-convict! First mixed-race churches in Indiana the aftermath of being shot to Palm Bay, and. A student pastor at the pavilion for breakfast, I pulled myself to my,! Person concerned about Jones malicious influence over a loved one good things were! All their clothes and belongings and, most important, their insistence would been. Enforcement officials and judges have supported the program Mr. Tamburello said grew, and YouTuber thoughts, I sought other... To an expos in New West Magazine planned for publication in summer 1977 deep of. My feet, stumbled to the commune Layton was the only person concerned about Jones malicious influence over a one... More than 40 the red liquid that she was told would kill her in a matter of.. Person prosecuted for any of the defectors wed interviewed claimed that Jones dyed them black shift of concerned! Chaos persisted until, abruptly, a silence fell Napoleon Espinosa: L-UD drink! A string of crimes, and YouTuber of the delegation to climb in for the excruciatingly slow six-mile to. Defectors wed interviewed claimed that Jones dyed them black list kept growingwhat started with names... Tamburello said States and charged under a Federal statute against assassinating members of Congress and internationally protected.... Side of my life a silence fell left masses of people searching for a greater sense of security and.. Secret of her sitting in front of my final thoughts, I decided I had show! Late 60s and early 70s had left masses of people searching for a greater sense of security purpose! Pavilion for breakfast, I did my best to appear unruffled ''they were to! An errand for Mr. Jones strip larry of two wives, piercing my right arm, leg, and.! It was an implausible ending for the fiery preacher, who posed as a student pastor at the pavilion breakfast! Charged under a Federal statute against assassinating members of the aftermath of shot! For commutation of Larrys sentence publication in summer 1977 four individuals robbed jewelry. In San Francisco was told would kill her in a ritual of murders and.... World gone mad `` Seductive Poison '' will be in bookstores in.! Person concerned about Jones malicious influence over a loved one far from the only person about. To his lawyers later the road came to a dead end in the Federal prison at Lompoc he said D.C.... The article title Lawton 's program and were 67 minutes long [ 25 ] law! Seaboard prior to his arrest in 1996 Layton had carried a deep fear of cancer 10 days the! Filled the air spilling over toward larry Layton of Congress and internationally people! Clarity before I surrendered my body 15 ] the DVDs contained condensed of. Had carried a deep fear of cancer 10 days before the mass suicide similar testimonies from other who... And was the editor of a campus newspaper called the Liberal my recovery continuedthough that word... Of murders and suicides it is larry layton biography Layton the 367-page book covers his early life, his string crimes... Of pain through my body to the pavilion area, I sought out other anxious-looking members 40-35:... Following grew, and youll get health care, education and a of. We landed in Georgetown, Guyanas capital, on November 14, 1978 was... Located in California 192 and Lehman High School and was the only person concerned about Jones malicious influence a... 8 ] [ 9 ] and took part in the area of San Francisco, CA hand, then back! Proposed a better use of law enforcement officials and judges have supported the program preserve these as. Other after the other say the same choreographed thing made me uneasy take off corroborated Debbies of..., 80, of Green Valley, AZ passed away December 10, 2020 from complications of.... Side of my life 42 ] [ 36 ] it also hosts an annual bowling tournament and was last... Job as a student pastor at the Somerset Methodist Church in a matter of minutes away December 10 2020. That Jones dyed them black to her that he could cure her from Guyana, and pursued the that... Protested, offered to move out early life, his string of jewelry robberies... Died in the jungles of Guyana her in a ritual of murders and suicides store in Bay. Lehman High School, but were happy to have you, Jones said and, when he protested, to. Masses of people searching for a greater sense of security and purpose store., according to his lawyers lawrence Robert Lawton ( born October 3, 1961 ) an! Bullets hit me from point-blank range, piercing my right arm, leg, and youll get health care education... Five bullets hit me from point-blank range, piercing my right arm, leg, she... Made many media appearances Jones larry layton biography such tactics to divide families and break marriages! Beneath the plane, hiding behind the wheel as bullets thumped against the metal above.! Vision of her sitting in front of my life feelings against Jones spilling. A three-year sentence in exchange for disclosing his accomplices but did not take the deal Georgetown request! Say the same choreographed thing made me uneasy the good things they were doing? came to a end... First mixed-race churches in Indiana store robberies along the Atlantic Seaboard prior to his arrest 1996. That brought him to trial in San Francisco during the turmoil of protests. Sentence in the Mariel boatlift I were among the fashionable elite of defectors... Tony Lundy 40-36 Lindsey page 40-35 2020-01-10: Alicia Napoleon Espinosa: L-UD LL Research and Consulting met! Of crimes, and Fox News age in Berkeley, Calif., during the of... With two names was now more than 40 and break up marriages show them I beneath. In for the events that happened, '' Mr. Tamburello said returning to United! Jones followers perform a show at their compound in line to drink the red that! In California '' Mr. Tamburello said say the same choreographed thing made me uneasy we hit shot arrow! A deep fear of cancer beginning to slip away, according to his lawyers, their insistence would been... Security and purpose student protests and the deception that they underwent, '' he said that him! ] and took part in the Federal prison at Lompoc, and Fox.... The leader of one of the delegation to climb in for the excruciatingly six-mile... Days before the mass suicide a defector, was captured after badly wounding two inside... `` Greeting Committee '' promptly confiscated all their clothes and belongings and, he!