Marshal Bass Reeves, a Black man who fled the Civil War, befriended the Seminole and Creek Indians, and eventually became one of the greatest lawmen in the Wild West. Parker, in turn, appointed a U.S. Section 107 related to Copyright and Fair Use for Non-Profit educational institutions, which permits the Texas State Historical Association (TSHA), to utilize copyrighted materials to further scholarship, education, and inform the public. It would be a good idea to occasionally highlight Listen above to the History Uncovered podcast, episode 23: Bass Reeves, also available on Apple and Spotify. Try again later. [3] Several people petitioned for his release including E.H. Hubbard of the U.S. Marshals Office, Eastern District of Oklahoma who wrote: I have known Reeves since he was a boy. Bass Reeves died on January 12, 1910 and a letter from his wife arrived at Ft. Leavenworth Penitentiary just four days later. Benny Reeves served 22 years at Leavenworth Prison. He would appear to felons as a cowboy, farmer, or even as a fellow outlaw. The Muskogee Times Democrat reported that in the early days when the Indian country was overridden with outlaws, Reeves would herd into Fort Smith, often single handed, bands of men charged with crimes from bootlegging to murder. Try again. Bass married Nellie Jinny Reeves (born Wilson) in 1864, at age 26. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. Please reset your password. Brought to trial before Judge Parker, he testified that he shot the cook by accident while cleaning his gun, and was acquitted. Netflixs highly anticipated The Harder They Fall puts a new twist on the old West. Bass Reeves was credited with arresting more than 3,000 felons. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. On November 13, 1914, Ben Reeves life sentence was commuted and he was released three days later. She was the second womanand first African American womanto have that occupation. Bass became a farmer in Arkansas. Wikimedia CommonsThe Lone Ranger, Tonto, and his silver stallion from the 1950s TV series The Lone Ranger. Reeves had a well-earned reputation for law enforcement south of the Red River. and Seminoles. Photos and Memories (1) While there is not a large amount of information on Wiley Escoe in circulation, he was known as a lawman, and a Black deputy U.S. Bass eventually moved to Arkansas where he met his wife Nellie Jennie and. They had 11 children: Robert E Reeves, Bass Reeves and 9 other children. He waited along the route that the gang was known to have used and surprised Tom Story with an arrest warrant. Buffalo Soldiers, the first all-Black peacetime regiments in U.S. history. Two weeks later, Bass returned to Muskogee with his son in tow and turned him over to Marshal Bennett. In 1889, after Bass was assigned to Paris, Texas, he went after the Tom Story gang of horse thieves. At the age of sixty-nine Reeves accepted a job as patrolman with the Muskogee city police department, and from 1907 to 1909 there was reportedly never a crime committed on his beat. You can always change this later in your Account settings. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Jane Reeves (147727516)? In the Netflix film, Lindo plays Bass Reeves, the first Black deputy U.S. marshal west of the Mississippi River. Parents. The story of "1883" and why the Duttons settled exactly where they did had, for all intents and purposes, ended at a natural stopping place. On July 1, 1896, the gang was hanged. Reeves stands trial for the cooks murder before Judge Parker and is represented by his friend and colleague, former US Attorney W.H.H. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration. Include gps location with grave photos where possible. If so, login to add it. Reeves diagnosis with Brights disease finally ended his career. After Buck was broken out of prison by his gang, The Harder They Fall follows the battle between the two groups led by Love and Buck, along with providing the audience an action-packed journey backed by an amazing soundtrack. In 1895, the gang robbed, raped, and murdered; eventually being captured in August of that year. The New York Public LibraryAn illustration of a Confederate campsite during the Civil War. I thought you might like to see a memorial for Jane Jennie Reeves I found on Findagrave.com. You need a Find a Grave account to continue. Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. While the story told in the all-Black western is entirely fictional, many of its characters were actual figures. The Lone Ranger, Tonto, and his silver stallion from the 1950s TV series, 9 iconic Black soldiers who risked it all to fight for America. You are only allowed to leave one flower per day for any given memorial. There is where Bass met his first wife, Nellie Jennie from Texas. He then became a city police officer in Muskogee, Oklahoma. Bass Reeves was born a slave in Arkansas in 1838. Marshal Bass Reeves in 1900. Nudie E. Williams, "Bass Reeves," Negro History Bulletin 42 (April-May-June 1979). In her early years, she worked as groundskeeper at the Ursuline Convent of the Sacred Heart in Toledo, Ohio. Leave a message for others who see this profile. Born Crawford Goldsby in 1876, Bill and his group, the Cook Gang, ravaged the Indian territory in 1895 and 1896. "Bass Reeves" was originally a standalone limited series that was coming to Paramount+ with Taylor Sheridan, but it's morphed a bit. His parents are enslaved by the Arkansas State Legislator William Steele Reeves. The email does not appear to be a valid email address. hbspt.enqueueForm({ They ended up having a whopping ten childrenfive boys and five girls. During the chaos of the Civil War, Indian Territory where federal and state governments had virtually no jurisdiction had become a popular hiding ground for outlaws. He married a woman named Nellie Jennie, and they must have been really into each other. The dispute went all the way up to the Supreme Court of Oklahoma in April of 1908. Every dollar helps. and arrested his own son after a two week manhunt. Bass married Winnie Jane FOREMAN Sumner on month day 1900, at age 62 at marriage place . In 1909 his health failed, and he died on January 12, 1910, of Bright's disease. And as the criminals became confused and distracted, Reeves would draw his gun. Family members linked to this person will appear here. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. The American Civil War ends. He married Nellie Jennie, a woman from Texas, in 1864, and they had 10 children. Killing some 14 men during his service, Reeves always said that he never shot a man when it was not necessary for him to do so in the discharge of his duty to save his own life.. During the prior two years, not a single crime was committed in his patrol area. His record of 3,000 arrests dwarfs the arrest records of better known Old West lawmen such as Bat Masterson, Wyatt Earp, and Wild Bill Hickok. formId: "bb101386-3a24-451d-80af-5e725ebb6c69", He relocated to Indian Territory after severely beating his young master in a dispute over cards and lived among the "five civilized tribes," especially the Creeks, as a fugitive until 1863. (1870 US Census, 1880 US Census). The court stated, therefore we hold that Ben Reeves, because of the fact that he murdered his wife, Castella Brown, is not disqualified from inheriting from her under the Creek law of descent and distribution, and therefore the plaintiff in error DeGraggenreid took, by his conveyance set forth in this cause, his entire interest in the allotment of said Castella Brown.[5], On September 22, 1911, a Ft. Leavenworth clerk wrote to Mrs. Sallie Sanders of Ft. Smith, Arkansas on behalf of Ben Reeves. The Ft. Leavenworth Warden himself wrote to the Honorable Leo Bennett, U.S. Marshall for the Indian Territory, Western District, of Muskogee, OK on April 24, 1909, requesting permission to appoint Reeves as a trustee. Bass Reeves, is the first African-American to be deputized by the U.S. Bass sometimes served as a scout and guide for U.S. Deputy Marshals going into Indian Territory on business for the Van Buren Federal Court, which had jurisdiction over Indian Territory. At this time he resided on South 2nd Street and worked as a manager at Meltons Caf. Freed by the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and no longer a fugitive, Reeves left Indian Territory and bought land near Van Buren, Arkansas, where he became a successful farmer and rancher. During this time, Reeves health diminishes, forcing him out of the Muskogee police force. Ben Reeves remained in Okmulgee and later married Fleccia Cromartie of Iowa. Edit a memorial you manage or suggest changes to the memorial manager. Mary retired in 1904 and died 11 years later at the age of 82. He and his family(his wife Nellie Jennie and their five sons and five daughters) were farmers until he was recruited as a Deputy U.S. Marshall for the Western District of Arkansas in 1875. She enjoys the strange and unusual, and green tea. The Lone Ranger, the iconic character who was virtually synonymous with the myth of the American West, was played by a white man, even though his character may have possibly been inspired by Reeves. He married Nellie Jennie (or Jinney), a Texas native, in 1864, and they raised a family of ten, five boys and five girls. Clayton. The Real Housewives of Atlanta The Bachelor Sister Wives 90 Day Fiance Wife Swap The Amazing Race Australia Married at First Sight The Real . Marshal James F. Fagan to lead 200 deputies in the pursuit of these outlaws. The following, adapted from the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, is the preferred citation for this entry. Though shaken by the thought of it, Reeves soon arrested his own son. His slavemaster, William S. Reeves, moved the household to Texas in 1846. Nevertheless, Reeves was a real, well known deputy marshal The Western District of Arkansas is established. Make sure that the file is a photo. years before being tracked down and killed after refusing to surrender. Marshal and is thought to be the inspiration for the Lone Ranger. But according to biographer Art T. Burton, Bass Reeves is the closest real person to resemble the fictional Lone Ranger on the American western frontier of the nineteenth century.. Linea del tiempo de la filosofa antigua. This story (of which this is just the tip of the iceberg) is fascinating and I encourage you to read more! Texas State Historical Association (TSHA), http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. He carried chains to secure prisoners to the wagon, as he sometimes had a dozen or more by the time he returned to Ft. Smith, where Judge Parker held court. Unavailable. Later Reeves moved to Arkansas and farmed near Van Buren. When William S. Reeves died, his son George made Bass Reeves his personal companion and servant. of Oklahoma assumed policing duties over the Indian Territory. Freeman said, This is a Black man in Americas legendary Western history who has been totally overlooked. The prison kept records of who sent letters and when, recording communication with his father and other relatives throughout his incarceration. According to Ben, she was unapologetic and said she thought more of his [John Wadlys] little finger than she did of my whole body. In a rage, he murdered his wife right then and there. marksman, Reeves was an imposing law enforcement officer at six foot two. By many historical accounts, Nat was a skilled cowboy. The outlaw panicked and drew his gun, but Reeves drew faster and shot him dead. Reeves eventually procured a homestead in Van Buren, Arkansas, where he was the first black settler. He was appointed a U.S. deputy marshal in 1875, and arrested over 3,000 criminals, killing 14 outlaws in the process. He then quickly disarmed a second and shot a third, only injuring him. Supreme Court. Next, Bass took a job as a patrolman with the Muskogee, Oklahoma Police Department. Freed by the Emancipation Proclamation and no longer a fugitive, the six-foot-two, 190-pound former slave left the Indian country, bought land near Van Buren, Arkansas, and became a successful stockman and farmer. The New York Public LibraryAn illustration of a shootout in the Wild West. Bass Reeves began to ride the Oklahoma range in search of outlaws. His authority extends throughout Indian Territory and covers about 75,000 square miles at the time, the Fort Smith Federal Court was the largest in the nation. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XVFF-WTT. Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. Of course, its worth noting that theres no concrete proof that Reeves inspired the famous character. The real Bass Reeves was born in July of 1838, died in January 1910, and was the first Black Deputy U.S. Marshall that lived west of the Mississippi River. Bass Reevess legendary career as a U.S. marshal ended in 1907 when the new state P640, [6] Inmate File of Ben Reeves, image 7 (NAID 7861497); Inmate Case Files, 7/3/1895-11/5/1957; RG 129, [7] Registration Card for Bennie Bass Reeves; World War I Selective Service System Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. He arrested over 3,000 . An excellent In the film, Majors plays Nat Love, the leader of a band of outlaws on a quest to hunt down his sworn enemy Rufus Buckthe man who murdered Loves parents, and the one responsible for the cross embedded in his forehead. Raising 10 children on their homestead five girls and five boys, the family lived happily on the farm. His mother died in 1896 due to consumption (tuberculosis) leaving his father widowed with eleven children to care for. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? We'll send you a couple of emails per month, filled with fascinating history facts that you can share with your friends. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. His great-uncle, Paul L. Brady, was the first black person to be appointed as a federal administrative law judge in 1972. . Year should not be greater than current year. Reeves approached the three murderous Brunter brothers and handed them a warrant for their arrest. The legendary actor and director Morgan Freeman has also expressed interest in working on a project focused on the deputy. Harriet Reeves 1868 - Unknown. His wife, Nellie Jennie Reeves, tries to persuade Bass not to leave for his own safety,. Although Reeves was a skilled frontiersman and spoke several languages, he had never learned to read. It was here that he met and married his first wife, Nellie Jennie, from Texas, with whom he had ten children, five boys and five girls. A year later, he married Nellie Jennie of Texas. Reeves used the fact that hed never learned how to read or write to his advantage in an inventive and effective way. Bass Reeves's legendary career as a U.S. marshal ended in 1907 when the new state of Oklahoma assumed policing duties over the Indian Territory. Marshal and authorized and lawman. After refusing to surrender, Reeves killed Dozier in an accompanying gunfight on December 20, 1878. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. based on information from your browser. One of his first acts was to make James Fagan a U.S. If you change your mind, you can easily unsubscribe. Written, directed, and scored by Jeymes Samuel, this movie highlights a moment in history and shows that cowboys came in different forms, contrary to popular belief. was Bob Dozier, a murderer and cattle and horse thief who eluded Reeves for several Bill was said to have killed up to eight men before being hanged in 1896. When the He registered for the draft on September 12, 1918 at the age of 39 as was required by law. There are no volunteers for this cemetery. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Though the tales of Bass heroics are many and varied, the toughest manhunt for the lawman was that of hunting down his own son in 1902. or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. In 1902, Bass Reeves son, Benny, was charged with the murder of his wife. included the Indian Territory. After having delivered two prisoners to U.S. Marshal. Children. He was a lawman from the Old West and a hero. Bill Pickett is portrayed by Edi Gathegi. Reeves is sent to apprehend Tom Story for horse theft and murder south of the Red River. When the outlaws were momentarily distracted by the piece of paper they were handed, Reeves drew his gun and turned the situation around. You have chosen this person to be their own family member. Her job was to protect the mail from thieves and deliver the mail, regardless of weather conditions. The couple ultimately raised five girls and five boys together. The Inmate Case File of Ben Reeves (NAID 7861497), contains a wealth of information about his characteristics, correspondence, and his conduct while incarcerated. Any chance I get to revisit historical moments of our country is important to me.. Cherokee Freedmen refers to the African American men and women who were formerly slaves of the Cherokee before and after removal to Indian Territory and the American Civil War. Lula Reeves 1881 - 1899. This is a carousel with slides. Bass Reeves was noted for his evenhandedness, honesty and integrity. But they weren't the only citizens of Indian Territory. Delroy Lindo is an accomplished actor, with over 40 years of experience in film, television, and theater. Since he was illiterate Reeves often memorized warrants that were read to him by the Note: This article was edited and compiled from the following sources: https://www.greatblackheroes.com/government/bass-reeves/, https://allthatsinteresting.com/bass-reeves, https://www.legendsofamerica.com/we-bassreeves/. Paid in fees and rewards, he would make a handsome profit, before spending a little time with his family, and returning to the range once again. Born Mary Fields in about 1832, Black Mary, as she was sometimes referred to, was a slave at birth. Once, when two potential assassins forced Reeves off his horse, he asked them for one last request - that someone read him a letter from his wife. Published by the Texas State Historical Association. Ben Bennie Reeves was born around 1882 to Bass Reeves and Nellie Jennie in Texas. At the age of 69 Reeves He arrested over 3,000 criminals and was . We need your support because we are a non-profit organization that relies upon contributions from our community in order to record and preserve the history of our state. Covering some 75,000 square miles, the United States Court at Fort Smith, was the largest in the nation. . White outlaws had so terrorized the interior groups, especially the Creeks and Seminoles, that Whites, with or without a badge, were unwelcome. Mrs. Tolliver was defended by the Iowa Land & Trust who argued that Reeves had no right to the land in the first place as he is not a member of the Tribe. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. "1883: The Bass Reeves Story" is executive produced by Sheridan, David Oyelowo, Jessica Oyelowo, David Permut, David C. Glasser, Ron Burkle, and Bob Yari. The land comprising Indian Territory becomes the state of Oklahoma. Roll M1509. He always bore a very good reputation and I never know of him doing anything wrong until he got into the trouble which caused his commitment to the penitentiary. Judge Parker appoints James Fagan as U.S. marshal. After the death of his wife, Reeves married Winnie Sumter of Muskogee, Okla., and. is based on Bass Reeves. Desperate bands of deserters turn to banditry to survive in isolated parts of Arkansas. Whatever the case, Reeves soon took refuge with the Creek and Seminole Indians in what is now Oklahoma. While Reeves was a successful farmer, rancher, and father, he occasionally worked as a scout and used his tracking skills to help lawmen find criminals but his true second act had yet to begin. While Reeves was a successful farmer, rancher, and father, he occasionally worked as a scout and used his tracking skills to help lawmen find criminals but his true second act had yet to begin. Resend Activation Email. A year later, he married Nellie Jennie of Texas. The quicker of the two, Reeves shoots first, killing his quarry in self-defense. One account recalls how Bass Reeves He cut an imposing figure as he patrolled the 75,000 square miles of Indian Territory. The American Civil War begins when confederate soldiers open fire on Fort Sumter in South Carolina and union soldiers surrender. As a part of the films rendition of the Rufus Buck Gang that breaks their leader from prison, Bill is as sly as he is ruthless. Marshal service as a federal peace officer for the territory. Reeves began to earn a reputation for his courage and success at bringing in or killing many desperadoes of the territory. When he asked her about an alleged infidelity, she replied that it was true. [1] Inmate File of Ben Reeves, image 39 (NAID 7861497), Inmate Case Files, 7/3/1895-11/5/1957; Record Group 129: Records of the Bureau of Prisons, 1870-2009; National Archives at Kansas City, [2] Index to the Final Rolls of Citizens and Freedmen of the Five Civilized Tribes in Indian Territory, 3/4/1907, image 579 (NAID 300320), Final Rolls of the Five Civilized Tribes, 18991914; Record Group 48: Records of the Office of the Secretary of the Interior, 1826 2009, [3] Inmate Case File of Ben Reeves, image 1-4 (NAID 7861497); Inmate Case Files, 7/3/1895-11/5/1957; RG 129, [5] Oklahoma. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. No animated GIFs, photos with additional graphics (borders, embellishments. This large family was a huge help when it came to chores, and the farm became quite profitable over the years. In the early afternoon of June 7, 1902, a young Ben Reeves paid a visit to his estranged wife, Castella Brown, at her cousins house not far from their home in Muskogee, OK. In any case, Reeves went to live among the Creek and Seminole Indians. Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. Having never learned to read and write, he had someone to read the subpoenas or warrants to him until he memorized which name belonged to each warrant. He was known for his politeness and courteous manner. Nellie Reeves (Jennie) Also Known As: ""Nellie Jennie"" Birthdate: estimated between 1814 and 1874 : Birthplace: Texas, United States: Death: Immediate Family: Wife of . His mother died in 1896 due to consumption (tuberculosis) leaving his father widowed with eleven children to care for. When all slaves were freed in 1865, Reeves was no longer a fugitive. 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